下面是一个生物学的经典案例: e.g.TPO 17 Part 2-Lecture 2 (Octopus)
听力原文:
Ok, now I want to talk about an animal that has a fascinating set of defense mechanisms. And that’s the octopus, one of the unusual creatures that live in the sea. The octopus is prey to many species, including humans, so how does it escape its predators? … Just like Proteus, the octopus can go through all kinds of incredible transformations. And it does this in three ways: by changing color, by changing its texture, and by changing its size and shape. For me, the most fascinating transformation is when it changes its color. It’s a normal skin color, the one it generally presents, is either red or brown or even grey, and it’s speckled with dark spots. But when it wants to blend in with its environment to hide from its enemies, it can take on the color of its immediate surroundings: the ocean floor, a rock, a piece of coral, whatever. Charles?
这一段是描写章鱼(octopus)的lecture,只节选了其中一段。下划线的部分是考点,加黑的字体是信号词,知会考生此刻应当记笔记。“now I want to talk about…”这类表达,考生应当十分敏感,这是主旨题的典型信号句。对于生物学段子,一般情况下教授都会在讲课开始时给出话题重点,比如某种生物或某个概念。这也是其他学科类段子的共性。在此段开始,教授道出了主题:章鱼的御敌方法。那么接下来就该说说具体的方法了:*改变颜色,质地和形状。这三种方式都用介词by引出,应当引起考生注意。具体来说,笔记也应该注意条理性: