独家揭秘——当墨子、孔子和老子遇见子墨汉语（二）

　　Exclusive Secret

　　——When Mocius, Confucius and Lao-tzu meet ZimoChinese（2）：

　　当墨子遇到子墨

　　墨家学派的宗旨是兼爱非攻，所谓“兼爱”，就是平等与博爱的意思。墨子反对战争，主张和平。如今，“子墨汉语”将全世界范围内每一位热爱汉语的学员都视朋友，用古老而又现代的汉语架起彼此之间沟通的桥梁。

　　When Mocius meets Zimo

　　The main thought of Mohism is universal love and non-offence, the so-called "universal love " means equality and philanthropy. Mocius has always advocated peace and against war. Today, "Zimo Chinese" regards every student who loves Chinese as friend, and builds a bridge to communicate with each other with the ancient and modern Chinese.

　　当孔子遇到子墨

　　孔子*早提出了“性相近，习相远”的教育理论，他认为：诞生之初，每个*的天赋是相近的，形成个性差异的原因来自后天的教育与社会环境。孔子认为“人人都可以接受教育，人人都应该接受教育”。为此，他提倡“有教无类”的教学方法，创办私学，广招学生，让每一位平民都能接受教育。

　　When Confucius meets Zimo

　　Confucius puts forward "the nature is the same, but the habit is different" as his educational theory. He hold that each child's talent is similar in the beginning of birth, but the formation of personality differs because of different education and social environment. Confucius believed that everyone can and should get an education. Therefore, he advocated the teaching method of "education for all without discrimination". He founded private school and let every civilian have the access to education.

　　孔子顺应了当时社会发展的趋势，提出“学而优则仕”的人文主张，即：若学习之余还有能力和精力，那就可以为官上任。他强调学校教育必须将道德教育放在首要地位，孔子也因此培养出一大批德行出众的君子。

　　Confucius conformed to the trend of social development at that time, and presented the humanistic idea of “Officialdom is the natural outlet for good scholars”, which means a good scholar will become an official if he has more ability and energy apart from learning. He stressed that moral education must be put in the primary position in school education, therefore, Confucius had cultivated a large number of gentlemen of superior virtue.

　　同样，孔子认为教师应该具备“经邦济世”的教育观，了解和掌握“因材施教”、“启发式教学”的方法论，尤其注重启蒙教育。他教育学生不但要有老老实实的学习态度，还要谦虚好学，“温故而知新”，同时从新知识引申拓宽、深入思考，做到“举一而反三”。

　　Meanwhile, Confucius hold the view that teachers should be equipped with educational concept of "managing nation and assisting the world”, understand and master the methodology of "teaching students in accordance of their aptitude"and “heuristic teaching”.

　　What's more, Confucius emphasized on enlighten education particularly. He taught his students not only to have an honest attitude towards study, but also should be humble and studious, as well as "gaining new insights through reviewing old material”. Furthermore, think deeply to broaden the idea, then you can “draw inferences about other cases from one instance”.