在这里我先跟大家说一下托福写作主体段*为平常、也是*一般的一个主体段的构成：

 

　　一、主体段一般由七个层次组成：

 

　　*句：topic sentence（主题句或者中心句）。

 

　　第二句：supporting ideas.

 

　　第三句：举例子（普遍的，泛泛的例子）。

 

　　第四句：再写一个分论点（用于进一步论证*段*后自己的观点）。

 

　　第五句：第二个分论点的supporting sentences.

 

　　第六句：举一个具体的名人或者真人，真事的例子。

 

　　第七句：这一段的小结。

 

　　我们马上来看一下符合这种写法的*新例子：2016年1月9日托福独立写作

 

　　Some people think it is the best approach for students to learn if school starts the day at an early time in the morning. But someone think the school should start the day at late time. Which one do you prefer? Use specific reasons and detailed examples to support your answer.

 

　　我们同样来看一位托福写作高手写的范文当中的一段主体段：

 

　　Firstly, early classes in the morning will force the students to keep a disciplined life style. In order to attend the first class, students have to get up early in the morning. This habit brings many benefits. For example, young people will live a much healthier life. Keeping the schedule in mind, they would no longer dally at night before sleep, and save their time in the morning. Then, they can have a good rest in the evening and keep themselves energetic at daytime. Besides, they could also shape many of their excellent characteristics, like self-discipline or persistence. Leaving the cozy bed requires a powerful willpower when we start a new day, and doing this every day asks for a strong self-control. Both of these virtues are keys to success. And one of the well-known, Kobe Bryant, is a beneficiary of starting his day early in the morning. He once gave his secret to become the MVP in the basketball playground. It was his getting up early in the 4 AM that contributes him. In conclusion, both physical and psychological benefits can be gained by the disciplined lifestyle led by the early classes.

 

　　（本范文来源于网络）

 

　　分析：

 

　　各位同学请仔细看一下这段写作的段落结构构成：

 

　　1.    *句话：主题句说早上上课可以养成学生自律的生活习惯。

 

　　2.    第二句话支持句：小孩为了参加早上的课程就不得不早起，这样能够带来很多好处。

 

　　3.    然后写了一个泛泛的例子：说出了如果年轻人早上早起，能够带来各种生理上的好处。

 

　　4.    接下来同学们请睁大眼睛：作者这里马上用besides又引出了一个论点：早起还能带来很多心理、性格和品质上的好处，比如：自律，坚持不懈等。

 

　　5.    接下来写支持句，展开这个论点：早上起来是一件很痛苦的事情，需要极大的毅力，而意志品质是通向成功的关键所在。

 

　　6.    然后作者马上举出了美国篮球名人：Kobe Bryant的例子，说出了他是怎样每天四点起来练习篮球，*后靠这种毅力赢得*有价值球员的。

 

　　7.    再写一个这段的小结：结合这一段的两个论点。

 

　　总结：

 

　　这种写法可以说在笔者上述讲解的主体段结构上又进行了进一步的拓展和延伸。可以说完全符合托福5分的写作要求：effectively addresses the writing topic and task和use specific details and examples to support you view, 把生理的好处和心里上的好处有机的结合，然后把泛泛的例子结合了具体名人的例子，充分说明了*后总结的内容：早上学习所带来的自律生活既能带来生理上的好处也能带来心理上的好处。可以说是高手中的高手写法，值得要冲28分以上的同学学习。

 

　　二、主体段一般由四个层次组成：

 

　　*句：topic sentence（主题句或者中心句）。

 

　　第二句：supporting ideas（1-2句支持句），注意这1-2句支持句是主题句的展开，起到为主题句解释说明的作用。

 

　　第三句：举例子（写出一个符合美国人思维结构的例子或者调研用于举例论证）。

 

　　第四句：这一段的小结（注意是这一段的小结，不是整篇文章的小结）。

 

　　接下来我们结合托福写作的*新考题，来看一下高手写作的主体段是怎样很好地诠释笔者前面跟同学们讲的*常规的托福某一个主体段的构成。

 

　　例：2016年2月28日托福独立写作题目

 

　　Nowadays, children rely too much on the technology, like computers, smartphone, video games for fun and entertainment; playing simpler toys or playing outside with friends would be better for the children's development. Do you agree or disagree?

 

　　我们来看一位托福高手写的范文的其中一个主体段：

 

　　For another thing, video games have been designed to be more alluring and intellectually demanding. To be more specific, there have occurred many more video games that are invented to exploit children’s imagination and also release their pressure. Take Minecraft, a popular game sweeping many primary and high school students, as an example. In the game, players can use diverse construction materials and tools to construct what they like such as a castle or a skyscraper or even a city. Besides, by decorating the entities they created in many different styles, massive intellectual activities are needed like how to design the roof of the house and where should put the pets in the city, etc. During the process, students can be fully occupied in the game, serving as an antidote to boredom that will be detrimental to students’ mental health if it can be erased promptly. Consequently, playing video games is a better choice for students to make to release their pressure and ensure their health.

 

　　（本范文来源于网络）

 

　　分析：

 

　　1.    作者在*句话就写了主题句：有些电脑游戏开发出来的时候就更加具有诱惑力以及需要一定智力水平才能玩。这就是我前面讲的*层结构：主题句。注意主题句在写的时候一定要由一个连接词引出，比如：First, secondly等。

 

　　2.    接下来作者用to be more specific开头引出了具体的支持句，即具体的解释说明主题句的观点：说电脑游戏被设计出来的时候是针对探索小孩的想象力和释放他们的压力才被发明出来的。这就是很好的展开和论证主题句。

 

　　3.    接下来作者开始举一个长长的符合美国人思维和生活习惯的例子：Minecraft这个游戏风靡整个美国的*和*界。玩了这个游戏，小孩可以得到各种智力开发和各种技能的锻炼。

 

　　4.    *后作者用Consequently引出总结：玩电脑游戏对学生来说是一个很好的选择：能释放他们的压力和促进他们的健康。

 

　　总结：

 

　　其实如果同学们不嫌麻烦的话，托福三个主体段的段落结构都可以这样写，很符合美国人先抛主题，后讲道理，再举例子，*后小结的说话思维套路。

 

　　三、如果碰到比较类或者选择类的文章，一定不要忘记在文章主体段的*后一句加上跟不支持观点的比较，突出自己支持观点的好处或者反对观点的坏处。

 

　　我们也来看一下符合这种写法的*新例子：2016年1月24日托福独立写作

 

　　In times of an economic crisis, in which area should governments reduce its spending? 1. Arts 2. Scientific Resear